Caution – Networking – 350-601 Study Guide

Caution

You should not configure both Auto-RP and BSR protocols in the same network.

Auto-RP: Auto-RP is a Cisco protocol that was used prior to the Internet standard bootstrap router mechanism. You configure Auto-RP by selecting candidate mapping agents and RPs. Candidate RPs send their supported group range in RP-Announce messages to the Cisco RP-Announce multicast group 224.0.1.39. An Auto-RP mapping agent listens for RP-Announce messages from candidate RPs and forms a Group-to-RP mapping table. The mapping agent multicasts the Group-to-RP mapping table in RP-Discovery messages to the Cisco RP-Discovery multicast group 224.0.1.40.

Anycast RP: An Anycast RP is used to define redundant and load-balanced RPs. An Anycast RP has two implementations:

Using Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)

Using Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM)

An Anycast RP allows two or more RPs to share the load for source registration and to act as hot backup routers for each other. MSDP is the protocol that RPs use to share information about active sources. With an Anycast RP, the RPs are configured to establish MSDP peering sessions using a TCP connection. Group participants use the closest RP that is favored by the IP unicast route table.

You can use the PIM Anycast RP to assign a group of routers to a single RP address that is configured on multiple routers. The set of routers that you configure as Anycast RPs is called the Anycast RP set. This RP method is the only one that supports more than one RP per multicast group, which allows you to load balance across all RPs in the set. The Anycast RP supports all multicast groups.

PIM register messages are sent to the closest RP, and PIM join-prune messages are sent in the direction of the closest RP as determined by the unicast routing protocols. If one of the RPs goes down, unicast routing ensures that these message will be sent in the direction of the next-closest RP.

You must configure PIM on the loopback interface that is used for the PIM Anycast RP.

PIM Designated Routers/Forwarders

In PIM ASM and SSM modes, the software chooses a designated router from the routers on each network segment. The DR is responsible for forwarding multicast data for specified groups and sources on that segment. The DR for each LAN segment is determined as described in the hello messages.

In ASM mode, the DR is responsible for unicasting PIM register packets to the RP. When a DR receives an IGMP membership report from a directly connected receiver, the shortest path is formed to the RP, which may or may not go through the DR. The result is a shared tree that connects all sources transmitting on the same multicast group to all receivers of that group.

In SSM mode, the DR triggers (S, G) PIM join or prune messages toward the source. The path from the receiver to the source is determined hop by hop. The source must be known to the receiver or the DR.